Wright, Quincy


wright_quincyPhilip Quincy Wright

Amerikanischer Politikwissenschaftler und Völkerrechtler, Begründer der quantitativen Kriegsursachenforschung, Mitbegründer der Disziplin Internationale Beziehungen und der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Berater der amerikanischen Delegation und des US-Chefanklägers Robert H. Jackson bei den Nürnberger Prozessen


* 28.12.1890 in Medford, Mass.
† 17.10.1970 in Charlotteville, Va.

Werdegang

1912 AB am Lombard College, Galesburg, Ill.
1913 AM an der University of Illinois
1915 PhD an der University of Illinois
1915-1916 Research Fellow an der University of Pennsylvania
1916-1919 Assistant und Instructor für Internationales Recht an der Harvard University
1919-1923 Professor für Politikwissenschaft an der University of Minnesota
1923-1931 Professor für Politikwissenschaft an der University of Chicago
1931-1956 Professor für Internationales Recht an der University of Chicago
1956-1957 Visiting Research Scholar bei der Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
1958-1961 Professor für Außenpolitik an der University of Virginia

Gastprofessuren

1929 Brookings Institution, Washington D.C.
1931 Seminar on Latin American Affairs, Mexico City
1934/1938 Graduate Institute on International Studies, Genf
1949 Turkish Institute on International Law
1959 Academy of International Law, Den Haag
1961 University of Manchester
1962-1963 Columbia University, New York
1964 American University, Kairo
1965 Cornell University, Ithaca
1966 Rice University
1968 University of Michigan

Außerakademische Tätigkeiten

1918/1921 Berater des US Navy Departments
1943-1944 Berater des Department of State
1945 Berater der amerikanischen Delegation beim Internationalen Militär Tribunal in Nürnberg
1949 Berater der UNESCO
1949-1950 Berater des amerikanischen Hohen Kommissars in Deutschland

Mitgliedschaften

American Academy of Arts and Sciences
American Association of University Professors (1944-1946 Präsident)
American Philosophical Society
American Political Science Association (1949 Präsident)
American Society of International Law (1956 Präsident)
Commission to Study the Organization of Peace (1953-1959 Chairman des Drafting Committee)
Council for the Study of Mankind (1958-1965 Chairman des Executive Committee)
International Law Association
International Political Science Association (1950 Präsident)
US United Nations Association


Publikationen

Bücher

wright__enforcement_of_internat_law_through_municip_lawThe Enforcement of International Law through Municipal Law in the United States. UrbanaUniversity of Illinois 1916.
(Nachdr. New York: Johnson 1967) (= Diss.)

Limitation of Armament. New York: Institute of International Education 1921.

The Control of American Foreign Relations. New York: Macmillan 1922.

The Future of Neutrality. New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 1928.

The Permanent Court of International Justice. New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 1927.

Interpretation of American Foreign Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1930.

Research in International Law since the War: A Report to the International Relations Committee of the Social Research Council. Washington 1930.

Mandates under the League of Nations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1930.

wright__mandates_under_the_league_of_nations


The Causes of War and the Conditions of Peace. London: Longmans 1935.

mit Hersh Lauterpacht, Edwin Montefiore Borchard, Phoebe Morrison
Legal Problems in the Far Eastern Conflict. New York: International Secretariat, Institute of Pacific Relations 1941.

A Study of War. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1942. (2 Bde.)
(2. erweit. Aufl. 2 Bde. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1967)
(Abridged edition by Louise Leonard Wright. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1964. midway Reprint 1983.)

Problems of Stability and Progress in International Relations. Berkeley: University of California Press 1954.

wright__the_study_of_international_relations_kleinThe Study of International Relations. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts 1955.

Contemporary International Law: A Balance Sheet. Garden City: Doubleday 1955.

International Law and the United Nations. Under the Auspices of the Indian School of International Studies. Bombay: Asia Publications House 1960.

The Role of International Law in the Elimination of War. Manchester: Manchester University Press 1961.

Essays on Espionage and International Law. Columbus: Ohio State University Press 1962.

On Predicting International Relations. Denver: University of Denver 1969.

Herausgeberschaften

A Foreign Policy for the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1947.

The World Community. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1948.

mit William M. Evan und Morton Deutsch
Preventing World War III: Some Proposals. New York: Simon and Schuster 1962.

Aufsätze

The Legal Nature of Treaties. In: American Journal of International Law 10.1916, 4. S. 706-736.

Conflicts of International Law with National Laws and Ordinances. In: American Journal of International Law 11.1917, 1. S. 1-21.

The Destruction of Neutral Property on Enemy Vessels. In: American Journal of International Law 11.1917, 2. S. 358-379.

Conflicts Between International Law and Treaties. In: American Journal of International Law 11.1917, 3. S. 566-579.

Treaties and the Constitutional Separation of Powers in the United States. In: American Journal of International Law 12.1918, 1. S. 64-95.

Territorial Propinquity. In: American Journal of International Law 12.1918, 3. S. 519-561.

The Legal Liability of the Kaiser. In: American Political Science Review 13.1919, 1. S. 120-128.

The Constitutionality of Treaties. In: American Journal of International Law 13.1919, 2. S. 242-266.

Effects of the League of Nations Covenant. In: American Political Science Review 13.1919, 4. S. 556-576.

Validity of the Proposed Reservations to the Peace Treaty. In: Columbia Law Review 20.1920, 2. S. 121-152.

The Understanding of International Law. In: American Journal of International Law 14.1920, 4. S. 565-580.

The Control of Foreign Relations. In: American Political Science Review 15.1921, 1. S. 1-26.

The Washington Conference. In: American Political Science Review 16.1922, 2. S. 285-297.

International Law in its Relation to Constitutional Law. In: American Journal of International Law 17.1923, 2. S. 234-244.

Sovereignty of the Mandates. In: American Journal of International Law 17.1923, 4. S. 691-703.

Suits Brought by Foreign States with Unrecognized Governments. In: American Journal of International Law 17.1923, 4. S. 742-746.

The Opium Question. In: American Journal of International Law 18.1924, 2. S. 281-295.

Status of the Inhabitants of Mandated Territory. In: American Journal of International Law 18.1924, 2. S. 306-315.

Changes in the Conception of War. In: American Journal of International Law 18.1924, 4. S. 755-767.

Treaties Conferring Rights in Mandated Territories. In: American Journal of International Law 18.1924, 4. S. 786-787.

The Outlawry of War. In: American Journal of International Law 19.1925, 1. S. 76-103.


The Bombardment of Damascus. In: American Journal of International Law 20.1926, 2. S. 263-280.

The Palestine Problem. In: Political Science Quarterly 41.1926, 3. S. 384-412.

The Government of Iraq. In: American Political Science Review 20.1926, 4. S. 743-769.

The United States and the Permanent Court of International Justice. In: American Journal of International Law 21.1927, 1. S. 1-25.

An Analytical Approach to the Subject of World Politics in Teaching and Research. In: American Political Science Review 21.1927, 2. S. 396-399.

American Foreign Policy, Domestic Control. In: Howland, Charles (Hrsg.): Survey of American Foreign Relations. New Haven: Council on Foreign Relations 1928. S. 83-148.

The Interpretation of Multilateral Treaties. In: American Journal of International Law 23.1929, 1. S. 94-107.

Some Legal Consequences if Extraterritoriality is Abolished in China. In: American Journal of International Law 24.1930, 2. S. 217-227.

The General Act for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes. In: American Journal of International Law 24.1930, 3. S. 582-587.

The Proposed Termination of the Iraq Mandate. In: American Journal of International Law 25.1931, 3. S. 436-446.

The Manchurian Crisis. In: American Political Science Review 26.1932, 1. S. 45-76.

When does War Exist? In: American Journal of International Law 26.1932, 2. S. 362-368.

The Meaning of the Pact of Paris. In: American Journal of International Law 27.1933, 1. S. 39-61.

mit James T. Russell
National Attitudes on the Far Eastern Controversy. In: American Political Science Review 27.1933, 4. S. 555-576.

The Narcotics Convention of 1931. In: American Journal of International Law 28.1934, 3. S. 475-486.

An American View of Far Eastern Problems. In: International Affairs 14.1935, 1. S. 69-88.

The Concept of Aggression in International Law. In: American Journal of International Law 29.1935, 3. S. 373-395.

The Rhineland Occupation and the Enforcement of Treaties. In: American Journal of International Law 30.1936, 3. S. 486-494.

National Sovereignty and Collective Security. In: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Vol. 186, 1936. S. 94-104.

Population and International Relations. In: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Vol. 188, 1936. S. 318-328.

The Denunciation of Treaty Violators. In: American Journal of International Law 32.1938, 3. S. 526-535.

The Causation and Control of War. In: American Sociological Review 3.1938, 4. S. 461-474.

The Munich Settlement and International Law. In: American Journal of International Law 33.1939, 1. S. 12-32.

mit Carl J. Nelson
American Attitudes Toward Japan and China, 1937-38. In: Public Opinion Quarterly 3.1939, 1. S. 46-62.

Rights and Duties Under International Law: As Affected by the United States Neutrality Act and the Resolutions of Panama. In: American Journal of International Law 34.1940, 2. S. 238-248.

International Affairs: International Law and the Totalitarian States. In: American Political Science Review 35.1941, 4. S. 738-743.

Inventions and War. In: The Scientific Monthly 53.1941, 6. S. 526-541.

Repeal of the Neutrality Act. In: American Journal of International Law 36.1942, 1. S. 8-23.

International Law and the Balance of Power. In: American Journal of International Law 37.1943, 1. S. 97-103.

National Security and International Police. In: American Journal of International Law 37.1943, 3. S. 499-505.

United Nations-Phrase or Reality? In: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Vol. 228, 1943. S. 1-10.

Peace Problems of Today and Yesterday. In: American Political Science Review 38.1944, 3. S. 512-521.

The Legal Problem. DeHuszar, George (Hrsg.): New Perspectives on Peace. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1944. S. 143-161.

The United States and International Agreements. In: American Journal of International Law 38.1944, 3. S. 341-355.

War Criminals. In: American Journal of International Law 39.1945, 2. S. 257-285.

The Value of International Law in Occupied Territory. In: American Journal of International Law 39.1945, 4. S. 775-783.

Accomplishments and Expectations of World Organization. In: Yale Law Journal 55.1946, 5. S. 870-888.

Making the United Nations Work. In: Review of Politics 8.1946, 4. S. 528-532.

The Law of the Nuremberg Trial. In: American Journal of International Law 41.1947, 1. S. 38-72.

The International Court of Justice and the Interpretation of Multilateral Treaties. In: American Journal of International Law 41.1947, 2. S. 445-452.

Legal Positivism and the Nuremberg Judgment. In: American Journal of International Law 42.1948, 2. S. 405-414.

Recent Trends in the Evolution of the United Nations. In: International Organization 2.1948, 4. S. 617-631.

Responsibility for Injuries to United Nations Officials. In: American Journal of International Law 43.1949, 1. S. 95-104.

The Jural Personality of the United Nations. In: American Journal of International Law 43.1949, 3. S. 509-516.

Political Science and World Stabilization. In: American Political Science Review 44.1950, 1. S. 1-13.

American Policy Toward Russia. In: World Politics 2.1950, 4. S. 463-481.

National Courts and Human Rights-The Fujii Case. In: American Journal of International Law 45.1951, 1. S. 62-82.

Realism and Idealism in International Politics. In: World Politics 5.1952, 1. S. 116-128.

Proposal for an International Criminal Court. In: American Journal of International Law 46.1952, 1. S. 60-72.

The Outlawry of War and the Law of War. In: American Journal of International Law 47.1953, 3. S. 365-376.

Economic and Political Conditions of World Stability. In: Journal of Economic History 13.1953, 4. S. 363-377.

Moral Standards in Government and Politics. In: Ethics 64.1954, 3. S. 157-168.

Human Rights and Charter Revision. In: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Vol. 296, 1954. S. 46-55.

International Organization and Peace. In: Western Political Quarterly 8.1955, 2. S. 149-165.

Is Discussion Intervention? In: American Journal of International Law 50.1956, 1. S. 102-110.

The Prevention of Aggression. In: American Journal of International Law 50.1956, 3. S. 514-532.

The Mode of Financing Unions of States as a Measure of their Degree of Integration. In: International Organization 11.1957, 1. S. 30-40.

The Value for Conflict Resolution of a General Discipline of International Relations. In: Conflict Resolution 1.1957, 1. S. 3-8.

Intervention, 1956. In: American Journal of International Law 51.1957, 2. S. 257-276.

Design for a Research Project on International Conflicts and the Factors Causing Their Aggravation or Amelioration. In: Western Political Quarterly 10.1957, 2. S. 263-275.

International Conflict and the United Nations. In: World Politics 10.1957, 1. S. 24-48.

United States Intervention in the Lebanon. In: American Journal of International Law 53.1959, 1. S. 112-125.

Subversive Intervention. In: American Journal of International Law 54.1960, 3. S. 521-535.

Western Diplomacy Since 1945. In: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 336.1961. S. 144-153.

Toward a Universal Law for Mankind. In: Columbia Law Review 63.1963, 3. S. 435-458.

The Cuban Quarantine. In: American Journal of International Law 57.1963, 3. S.
546-565.

The Projected European Union and American International Prestige. In: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 348.1963. S. 132-140.

The Escalation of International Conflicts. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 9.1965, 4. S. 434-449.

Legal Aspects of the Viet-Nam Situation. In: American Journal of International Law 60.1966, 4. S. 750-769.

The Termination and Suspension of Treaties. In: American Journal of International Law 61.1967, 4. S. 1000-1005.

The Middle East Problem. In: American Journal of International Law 64.1970, 2. S. 270-281.

How Hostilities Have Ended: Peace Treaties and Alternatives. In: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 392.1970. S. 51-61.

Festschrift

Whiting, Allen S.: In Memoriam: Quincy Wright, 1890-1970 – A Symposium. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 443-448.

Sekundärliteratur

Angell, Robert: Quincy Wright: A Personal Memoir. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 457-459.

Ballis, William: Quincy Wright: An Appreciation. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 453-455.

Beck, Robert: A Study of War and An Agenda for Peace: Reflections on the Contemporary Relevance of Quincy Wright's Plan for a 'New International Order'. In: Review of International Studies 22.1996, 2. S.119-148.

Broch, Tom/ Galtung, Johan: Belligerence among the Primitives: A Re-analysis of Quincy Wright's Data. In: Journal of Peace Research 3.1966, 1. S. 33-45.

Bucklin, Stephen: Quincy Wright's Blueprint for A Durable Peace. In: Mid-America 76.1994, 3. S.227-240.

Claude, Inis Jr.: The Heritage of Quincy Wright. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 461-464.

Corbett, Percy: Quincy Wright's Contribution to International Law. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 465-466.

Davis, Christopher Mark: War and Peace in a Multipolar World: A critique of Quincy Wright's Institutionalist Analysis of the Interwar International System. In: Journal of Strategic Studies 19.1996, 1. S.31-73.

Deutsch, Karl W.: Quincy Wright's Contribution to the Study of War: A Preface to the Second Edition. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 473-478.

Falk, Richard: Quincy Wright: On Legal Tests of Aggressive War. In: American Journal of International Law 66.1972, 3. S. 560-571.

Finch, Eleanor: Quincy Wright, 1890-1970. In: American Journal of International Law 65.1971, 1. S. 130-131.

Fink, Clinton/Wright, Christopher: Quincy Wright on War and Peace: A Statistical Overview and Selected Bibliography. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 543-554.

Fox, William T. R.: "The Truth Shall Make You Free": One Student's Appreciation of Quincy Wright. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 449-452.

Gray, Robert C.: Landmarks in Defense Literature - A Study of War. In: Defense Analysis 14.1998, 2. S.199-204.

Griggs, Emily Hill: A Result before 'Realism': Quincy Wright and the Study of International Politics between two World Wars. In: Journal of Strategic Studies 24.2001, 1. S.71-103.

Hillmann, Robert: Quincy Wright and the Commission to Study the Organization of Peace. In: Global Governance 4.1998, 4. S.485-500.

Jacobson, Harold: Quincy Wright's Study of the Mandates System. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 499-503.

Kaplan, Morton A.: Toward a Theory of International Politics: Quincy Wright's Study of International Relations and Some Recent Developments (Buchbesprechung von Study of International Relations). In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 2.1958, 4. S. 335-347.

Kelsen, Hans: Quincy Wright's A Study of War and the Bellum Justum Theory. In: Ethics 53.1943, 3. S. 208-211.

Scheips, Paul: In Memoriam: Quincy Wright, 1890-1970. In: Military Affairs 35.1971, 2. S. 49.

Thompson, Kenneth: Policy and Theory in Quincy Wright's International Relations. In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 14.1970, 4. S. 479-485.

Thompson, Kenneth: Quincy Wright. In: Utter, Glenn/Lockhart, Charles (Hrsg.): American Political Scientist: A Dictionary. Westport: Greenwood Press 1993.

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